Building construction material.



PATENTED JULY'23, 1907; G. M. MARSHALL. BUILDING CONSTRUCTION MATERIAL.

APPLIOATION FILED MAY 1, 1906- m m m w Br I ('zeo ya/ ii 7giams/7all WA? I I TTMNEVS No; 860,682. PATENTED JULY 23', 1907,

L e. M. MARSHALL. BUILDING consmucnou MATERIAL.

APPLICATION FILED HAY 1, 1906.

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WITNESSES n rronnns -No. 860,682. PATENTED JULY 23, 1907.

e. M. BUILDING CONSTRUCTION MATERIAL.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 1, 1906.

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4 rr omvzrs a views of a binder'prismatic in form with depresed and UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GEORGE MILLER MARSHALL, OF VANCOUVER, BRITISH COLUMBIA, CANADA.

'- BUILDING GONSTF'UGTION MATERIAL.

' construction-material designed for the erection and construction of all classes of houses and buildings, and the object of my invention is to provide a building material used especially for facing and dividing walls provided with specially constructed interlocking joints; another object being to enable a. rapid construction by means of my improved building material which will at the same time give a substantial and safe construction and be of little weight which is especially useful in structures of great altitude; and a further objectbeing to provide a building material which in its cost as well as'in the cost of labor for erecting the same is cheaper than other material now in use; and with these and other objects in view the invention consists in the construction hereinafter described and claimed;

The invention is fully disclosedlin the followingspecification of which the accompanying drawings form a part, in which the separate parts of my improvement are designated by suitable reference characters in each of the views, and inwhichi- Figurel is a perspective view of one form of my improved building block; Fig. 2 is a plan view of the same also two special end viewsof the same illustrating a circumferential v shaped and semi-circular interlocking groove Fig. 3 is a modified form of Fig. 1; Fig.

' 4 is a modified form of Fig.2 with circumferential V- shaped or semi-spherical raised edges; Fig. 5 is a perspective view of a molded building block suitable for window-sills and linte'ls; Fig. 6 is a perspective view of a molded angle cornice block; Fig. 7 shows perspective extended pyramidal ends;.Fig. 8 are similar binders but cylindrical in form with depressed and extended semi-spherical ends; Fig. 9 shows side and end view of a cylindrical binder with fastening deviceattached thereto; Fig. 10 shows siinilar'views of a pyramidal binder; 11 illustrates an angular building block; Figs-12v illustrates angular binders of various forms provided with attaching-devices; Fig. 13 illustrates a. pottion of a finished wall constructed by means of my improved building blocks and binders; Fig. 14 illustrates a roof truss supporting roof tiling of my improved form of construction; Fig. 15 is an elevation of a part of a building; Fig. 16. a plan view thereof, both .vie'ws illustrating the use of my improved building materials.

- Specification of Letters Patent. Application filed May 1, 1906. Berialllo. 814,685.

Patented an as, 1907.

Fig. 17 is a plan view; and, Fig. 18 'an elevation'of a chimney flue or ventilating chamber made according to my system of construction. 4

My invention as illustrated in the accompanying drawings consists essentially in the form of the specifically constructed building blocks and the manner of joining the same together aswell as attaching the same to a frame skeleton structure. This framecan be of any desired form, either to consist of. wooden posts studding, girders and joists, such as are used for residential purposes, or of a steel skeleton frame used for 1 tall ofiice buildings, or a combination of both, and it is intended to provide such skeleton frames with an outer facing or lining and with general subdividing walls, with roof tiling, with air, ventilating and elevator shafts, with chimney fines and so forth, and in all such cases where brick, marble, stone, tiling wired or metal sheathing and so forth have heretofor e been used. For this purpose I employ the blocks a'pre ferably made rectangular in shape and of any desired material either natural or artificial, such ,blocks being provided on their outer circumferential rim with locking devices which consist either of a V-shaped groove b as shown in Figs. land 2 or a inverted semi-spherical groove c as.

shown in Fig. 3, or such blocks a may be provided with V-shaped projecting edges (1 or with-semi-spher- 4 ical projecting edges-e as shown. in Fig. 4. Such Y- shaped edgesm'ay either extend to the front or rear side of the block and form sharp edges therewith as shown at f in Fig. .13 or they may have square butting ends on each block as illustrated at g in Fig.13.

For the purpose of joining two or more such building blocks a together I provide binders h whichare prismatic inform as shown in Fig. 7 or cylindrical as shown at'i in Fig. 8, and the ends thereof are either concave or convex as seen at k or they are projecting or inverse pyramids l as seen in Fig. 7.

It is obvious that the blocks a with V shaped edges b require prismatic binders h while the block a with rounded grooves 0 require cylindrical binders i. These binders are preferably made of a cement composition and these binders as well as the block a if made of artificial'stone may be provided with steel reinforcements.

responding angular binders m are provided as illustrated in Fig. 12.

The binders can also be provided with bolts 'n with their heads embedded into the binders permitting the projecting shank with its nut to be fastened to.any convenient stationarypart of the skeleton frame, of the building. The binders h, .1' and m are preferably smaller in cross sectional area than the apertures obtained, by the joining together of two abutting blocks a, and the interstices 0 thus obtained are filledout in vform a part'oi the main skeleton steel frame. Angle cornice blocks 1' and an ornamental design of facing block a are also illustrated in Figs. 15 and 16 at 8.

Fig. 14 shows a roof truss supporting tiling of the form of my building block a with ridge piece t, ordinary binders h and binders withfastenings n attached to the purlins of the truss. I

The construction of ventilating shafts, chimney flues,

etc. is illustrated in Figs. 17 and 18 where 1) shows one form of a hollow rectangular block respectively provided with projecting and. raised V-shaped edges which do not require specialbinders but will interlock each. These blocks a are provided with inlet openings, dampers, etc. shown at 'w and with projecting vertical Y-shaped recesses x for the reception of dividing walls. I w i From the ioregoingit will be seen that by means of my improved form of building construction-material facing and dividing wall, roof covering, air ducts, etc. can be easily constructed, that said material can be shaped to any desired him, and when provided with interlocking devices as above specified it will lend itself to a large and various combination of forms and adaptations, that it is strong and durable, easilyapplied, light of weight and cheap in construction.

In the application and use of my improved form of building construction-material the insertible binder after being cemented into the receiving grooves of all water-tight covering whichis and securely fastoned into place,

As shown in Fig; 15 both continuous vertical and horizontal joints as well as broken joints can be at tained to suit architectural requirements, while the construction of corners, either with right, acute or obtuse angles which are always difficult to construct and more or less insecure under the older form of building construction is easily attained by means of the use oi cast iron or steel connectors such as shown at q and the interlocking blocks a with their binders.

The insertible binders with their projecting or inverted ends effect at the intersection of the horizontal I and vertical joints a simultaneous and secure locking or bonding at such intersections, thereby preventing any forward or backward sliding of any of the series of building blocks and also preventing a buckling of walls by offering a greater resistance to any pressure force which might be brought to bear against the wall thus constructed. Furthermore by means of my form of:

blocks continuous or break joints in the horizontal and vertical series of building blocks can easily be effected without subdividing or fitting the blocks or binders as is necessary with other forms of'biljlding constructionmaterial.

Having fully described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is;-

1. A wall composed of a series or building blocks having grooves throughout their abutting edges for the reception or lnsertlble locking devices, and locking devices which correspond in length with said grooves, and are keyed into abutting grooves, and are provided with cooperating interlocking ends :indwhlch permit of the formation of continuous vertical and horizontal joints or break Joints as desired without sub-dividing or fitting the material employed.

2. A wall composed of a series of building blocks having I grooves throughout their abutting edges for thereceptlon 0t insert-Ibis locklngodevlces, and locking devices which correspond in length with said grooves, and are keyed into abutting grooves, and are provided with coiiperaclng interlocking ends and which permit of the formation of continuous vertical and horizontal joints or break Joints as desired without sub-dlvldlng or fitting the material employed, some o1. said locking devices being also provlded with means whereby they and the blocks are secured to the framework or a building.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I have signed my name in presence 01. the subscrlblngwltnesses this twentyflrst day 0! April L906.

. GEORGE MILLER, MARSHALL.

Witnesses:

L. EDWIN Dummy, Baonarpo L-osnonnrr. 

